The
influence
of
magnetic
pulsation
on
the
genetic
variability
of
tomato
Ursul
S
.
V
.
,
Ursul
N
.
A
.
Institute
of
Vegetable
Breeding
and
Seed
Production
(VNIISSOK),
p/o
Lesnoy
Gorodok,
Odintsov
Region,
Moscow
District,
143080,
RUSSIA
.
There
is
much
data
in
the
scientific
literature
on
the
effective
influence
of
magnetic
fields
on
the
germination
of
plant
seeds
(Saktheeswari,
Hussain,
1995;
Aksenov
et
al
.
,
1996),
plant
growth
(Namba,
1996;
Yano
et
al
.
,
1997),
drought
resistance
(Suven
et
al
.
,
1992),
and
plant
yields
(Pietruszewski,
1993;
Gabrielian,
1996),
but
the
question
of
the
influence
of
magnetic
pulsation
on
the
genetic
variability
of
plants
is
also
very
important
.
The
tomato
F1
hybrids
between
Mo628
and
Likurich
were
exposed
to
a
low
-
frequency
magnetic
field
("CEF"
device)
using
patented
methods
(RU
2083074
C1,
1997),
where
Mo628
(
L
.
esculentum
)
is
a
multimarker
mutant
line
homozygous
for
recessive
linked
markers
on
chromosomes
4
(
ful,e
/
ful,e
),
and
11
(
hl,a
/
hl,a
)
.
Marker
ful
(4,
24)
is
associated
with
yellow
leaf
colour
at
the
growing
points;
e
(4,
66)
-
serrated
leaves
with
curved
central
vein;
hl
(11,
48)
-
hairless
plant;
a
(11,
68)
-
lack
of
anthocyanin
in
the
hypocotyl,
stem
and
leaves
of
seedling
(Tanksley,
Mutschler,
1989)
.
Likurich
is
a
commercial
tomato
variety
.
Three
time
exposures
(1,
4
and
8
hours)
using
wetted
seeds,
pre
-
meiotic
buds
(1st
cluster),
and
also
their
combined
action
were
studied
.
Ten
F1
plants
of
each
variant
were
examined
.
The
collecting
of
F2
seeds
for
assessment
of
the
crossing
-
over
frequency
was
carried
out
separately
on
each
of
the
plants
and
fruits
of
the
first
cluster
.
Recombination
frequency
(rf)
was
estimated
by
maximum
likelihood
method
for
each
fruit
of
a
plant
and
on
the
variants
in
whole
(Fisher,
1958;
Bailey,
1961)
.
Statistical
analysis
was
performed
on
an
IBM
PC
compatible
computer
using
the
software
package
"BIOSTAT"
(Preygel,
1986)
.
The
F1
plants
were
grown
in
the
greenhouse
.
During
the
growth
of
the
vegetation
we
observed
that
7%
of
the
F1
had
a
very
interesting
phenomenon
-
mottled
regions
that
were
probably
a
consequence
of
mitotic
crossing
over
which
took
place
in
the
somatic
tissue
of
the
tomato
(Photo
1
-
2)
.
The
stem
of
the
plant
usually
has
hairs
and
anthocyanin
but
here
there
appeared
a
region
without
hairs
or
anthocyanin
.
This
is
a
consequence
of
the
transition
of
recessive
mutant
genes
to
the
homozygous
state
as
a
result
of
mitotic
crossing
over
.
Quite
possibly
the
cause
of
the
phenomenon
was
the
magnetic
field
as
usually
this
is
a
very
infrequent
event
.
The
analysis
of
recombination
frequencies
has
shown
the
disposition
towards
an
increase
of
crossing
over
frequency
in
both
segments
simultaneously
with
increasing
magnetic
field
exposure
.
But
only
at
8
hours
treatment
(seeds
+
buds)
was
the
difference
statistically
significant
at
the
5%