Resistance
to
alfalfa
mosaic
virus
in
Lycopersicon
hirsutum
Parrella,
G,
Légnani,
R
1
,
Cohen,
S,
Gebre
-
Selassie,
K
1
,
Laterrot,
H
2
,
Marchoux
G
.
1
Department
of
Agronomy
and
Plant
Genetics
-
Via
Universita,
100
-
80055
Portici
-
Italy
1
INRA
-
Station
de
Pathologie
Vegetale
-
BP
94
-
84143
Montfavet
Cedex
France
2
INRA
-
Station
d'Ameliorationdes
Plantes
Maraicheres
-
BP
94
-
84143
Montfavet
Cedex
France
Alfalfa
mosaic
virus
(AMV)
is
a
virus
with
a
widespread
distribution
and
has
been
reported
to
infect
more
than
600
species
of
250
genera
belonging
to
70
botanical
families
(Bellardi
and
Bertaccini,
1993)
.
It
is
transmitted
in
non
persistant
manner
by
at
least
22
aphid
species
(Edwardson
and
Christie,
1986)
.
Natural
infections
in
tomato
crops
caused
by
AMV
has
been
reported
to
occur
in
Australia
(Halisky
et
al
.
,1960),
in
France
(Marrow
and
Migliori,
1966),
in
Germany
(Schmelzer,
1969),
in
Israel
(Zimmermann
et
al
.
,
1976),
in
Italy
(Camele
at
al
.
,
1991;
Ragozzino,
1995)
and
in
Japan
(Okuda
at
al
.
,
1992)
.
In
the
Imperial
Valley
(California),
losses
of
10
to
15%
has
been
reported
in
tomato
fields
(Rude,
1982)
.
No
case
of
resistance
to
AMV
is
known
in
the
Lycopersicon
genus
.
Moreover,
no
tolerant
tomato
cultivars
are
available
(Zitter,
1993)
.
Screening
for
resistance
to
alfalfa
mosaic
virus
has
been
realized
in
greenhouse
at
INRA
-
Avignon,
during
1995
.
The
following
10
accessions
belonging
to
5
species
of
the
genus
Lycopersicon
were
screened
by
mechanical
inoculation
tests
Lycopersicon
esculentum
var
.
cerasiforme
:
WVa
136
Lycopersicon
pimpinellifolium
:
"hirsute";
-
LA
121;
WVa
700
Lycopersicon
hirsutum
f
.
typicum
:
LA
1777
Lycopersicon
hirsutum
f
.
glabratum
:
PI
247087
Australia;
PI
134417;
"Bruinsma"
Lycopersicon
peruvianum
:
"CMV
sel
.
INRA"
Lycopersicon
pennellii
:
"Clayberg"
The
susceptible
tomato
control
was
the
INRA
line
"Momor",
resistant
to
TMV
(gene
Tm
-
2
2
)
.
Fifteen
plants
of
16
days
old
were
inoculated
with
the
isolate
"LYH
1
"
of
AMV
from
a
plant
of
L
.
hirsutum
Pi
247087
which
was
found
to
be
infected
by
AMV
during
a
field
test
at
the
INRA
-
Avignon
in
the
1995
.
This
isolate
caused
necrotic
symptoms
after
inoculation
on
tomato
plants
.
All
the
plants
of
each
accession
were
checked
visually
for
symptoms
development
and
by
DAS
-
ELISA
tests,
15
and
30
days
after
inoculation
.
No
symptom
was
observed
in
the
basal
inoculated
and
in
the
upper
non
-
inoculated
leaves
of
all
the
plants
of
the
3
accessions
of
L
.
hirsutum
:
LA
1777,
PI
134417
and
"Bruinsma"
.
Moreover,
in
the
same
plants,
no
virus
was
detected
by
ELISA
tests
in
the
upper
leaves
.
In
all
the
plants
of
Momor
and
of
the
other
8
